On July 17, 2018 there will take place the summit between Japan and the EU. The main idea of the meeting is to confirm the support for the international order based on law as well as the agreement on free trade. There will be signed economic partnership agreements as well as a strategic partnership agreement. At present, the EU companies have to pay a number of duties amounting up to EUR 1 billion a year, which will be lifted after the agreements are signed. Also numerous legal regulations complicating trade exchange will be removed. The concluded contracts are very ambitious and comprehensive. They will create new opportunities for agricultural exports from the EU. They will also allow the development of intellectual property rights relating to exported goods, protecting goods on Japanese markets. They comply with the strict requirements set by labour law and the security of personal data. Trade negotiations with Japan have been ongoing since March 2013. At the summit on 6 July 2017, both parties reached a major agreement on the most important elements of the free trade agreement, known as the Economic Partnership Agreement. Negotiations on all other aspects were completed in December 2017. Negotiations with regard to investment protection standards and dispute settlement regarding investment protection will continue to be conducted with Japan. Both parties are determined to negotiate investment protection as soon as possible to conclude an agreement. Additionally, the Strategic Partnership Agreement will strengthen cooperation in the field of international peace and security, cybercrime, energy security, and mitigation of climate change.
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- Introduction
We live in a smartphone era, almost every of the latest smartphone model includes a fingerprint reader. Some models feature facial recognition systems (such as the latest Apple iPhone 8 smartphone, that will use such system) or iris scan (for instance Samsung Galaxy S8 has that system incorporated). As you can see, the use of biometric security in the smartphone market has become a common practice. Earlier, before smartphone manufacturers began using biometrics, it was “present” at airports, state borders, or in security systems. It is already a noticeable part of our everyday life, which makes it clear that in the future biometric security will be an important part of our daily lives. The use of biometrics in computer science opens up a new sphere in the use of sensitive personal data. What is biometry? What are its types? What about the data that it holds? Who is responsible for possible system failures? Finally, what legal regulations can apply to it?
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Legal basis: Legal Act of 26/01/2018 about the amendment to the Act on the National Court Register and some other acts (Journal of Laws 2018, item 398).
From 15th March 2018 the submissions of financial statement documents are possible only in electronic form, and the mode of submitting these documents differs depending on whether the persons authorized to represent the entity are natural persons with the affixed PESEL numbers (Polish Personal Identity Numbers).
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The General Data Protection Regulation entered into force on May 24, 2016, but its validity in Poland will not start until May 25, 2018. The GDPR introduces definitions of principles for the processing, storage and use of personal data. The new regulation introduces new liability rules, possible financial sanctions and imposes new obligations on the entities dealing with the processing and use of data.
The GDPR, introduced in Poland as a part of the unification process for the entire EU in respect of regulating the principles of personal data processing, provides for general principles, which the entrepreneurs in Poland will be required to comply with. Accordingly, the companies will be required to analyse the data they already have in their storage, the procedure of sharing and storing.
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The Act provides for a system of incentives in Poland, including abolition of excise tax on electric cars and plug-in hybrids (PHEV), exemption from parking fees, larger depreciation write-offs for companies. It also includes building a base infrastructure network for alternative fuels in agglomerations, densely populated areas, and along trans-European road transport corridors, which will allow free movement of vehicles powered by these fuels. It is planned that by the end of 2020, there will be created 6,000 electricity charging points with normal power and 400 high power charging points as well as 70 CNG refuelling points in Poland.
The Act is intended to improve Poland’s energy security, while the choice of electromobility is a strategic choice that will reduce dependence on oil imports.
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