On 10 June 2021 KIELTYKA GLADKOWSKI will participate in the training “Digital transformation of the law firm” organised by The New Technologies Committee of the Polish Bar. The training will discuss new technologies used in legal services, technologies as a factor in changing the model of legal services, the application of artificial intelligence in legal tech as well as practical implementation of technologies in law firms.
KIELTYKA GLADKOWSKI has broad experience in legal tech sector, including technologies in document analysis, data set analysis, AI in analyses of case law and legal doctrine, Document Creation Automation, Process Automation, Data Security and Risk Analysis, cybersecurity, compliance, data, document and collaboration platforms, Online Dispute Resolution, Smart contracts, custom legal tech tool development, debt collection and document management.
Blockchain is a cryptographically secured, decentralized register of certain events on the basis of which a database is built, and each subsequent event affects its state. Blockchain technology provides the ability to authenticate documents sent physically. The use of multi-level authentication and signing of documents using Blockchain network is an innovative solution that opens new opportunities for secure and integral exchange of documents between different entities while ensuring their authenticity and invariability. The unquestionable advantage of using this solution is its decentralized character, allowing to omit the institution issuing the document and any other third parties, moreover:
– enables certainty of trading in electronic documents;
– facilitates auditing the institution (even remotely);
– prevents forgery of documents;
– makes it possible to track all modifications of a document over time; and
– ensures undeniable identification of the person/institution making each modification.
INTRODUCTION TO THE MARKET OF BIOCIDAL PRODUCTS IN POLAND IN THE LIGHT OF EUROPEAN UNION REGULATIONS IN THE ASPECT OF GENETICALLY MODIFIED ORGANISMS
DEFINITION OF BIOCIDES
GENETICALLY MODIFIED INSECT TO CONTROL NATURAL POPULATION AS A BIOCIDAL PRODUCT
Legal
definition of the term “biocidal product” placed on the market is
obvious. This definition is provided in Article 3.1 of the Regulation (EU) No
528/2012 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 22 May 2012. Under EU
law, a biocidal product is, in principle, “any substance or mixture, in
the form in which it is supplied to the user, consisting of, containing or
generating one or more active substances, intended to destroy, deter, render
harmless, prevent the action of, or otherwise exert a controlling effect on any
harmful organism by any means other than mere physical or mechanical action
(…)”.
Thus, in
relation to the basic core of the legal definition, a biocidal product is therefore
understood as a product with a basic biocidal function.
This issue
is also addressed by the Polish Act of 9 October 2015 on biocidal products. It
mainly stipulates the conditions for using and making biocidal products
available on the Polish market and the authority responsible for the
application of Regulation 528/2012, i.e. the President of the Office for
Registration of Medicinal Products, Medical Devices and Biocidal Products.
FIRST GENETICALLY MODIFIED MOSQUITOES IN THE USA
A very interesting example of the introduction of genetically modified organisms is the mosquito released in the United States, on which the biotechnology company Oxitec conducted research. It was about a ten-year battle for permission to carry out the experiment. The main reason for such a long process were the protests of Florida residents who feared the bites of the new insects and the disruption of the ecosystem. The whole experiment involves releasing a bioengineered male mosquito to copulate with wild females, which transmit many diseases through their bites, including yellow fever, dengue and the Zika virus.
The Polish draft law on clinical trials of
medicinal products for human use was sent for public consultations on 30 April 2021
and is still waiting for the final wording.
This project aims to bring the current
legislation into line with the Regulation of the European Parliament and of the
Council on clinical trials on medicinal products for human use, which aims to
ensure the safety of people who take part in clinical trials, to simplify and
speed up the authorisation procedures for such trials, which are a key part of
the process of developing new medicines and improving treatment with existing
medicines.
The bankruptcy cases are regulated in Poland majorly by the Insolvency Act of 2003 (in Polish: Ustawa z dnia 28 lutego 2003 r. Prawo upadłościowe (t.j. Dz. U. z 2020 r. poz. 1228 z późn. zm.)) (later: ‘Insolvency Act of 2003’). Yet it is not the only applicable regulation. In cases of cross-border bankruptcy proceedings or cases where a Polish citizen is adjudged bankrupt in the territory of the Member State of the European Union or Ireland, the bankruptcy proceedings are regulated by the Regulation (EU) 2015/848 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 20 May 2015 on insolvency proceedings (OJ L 141, 5.6.2015, p. 19-72) (later: ‘Regulation 2015/848’).
