publication date: January 10, 2023
The United States is one of the countries with which Poland has been actively cooperating internationally for many years. This is evidenced, among others, by concluded bilateral agreements, the number of which, compared to other countries, is one of the highest. Poland and the United States concluded a total of 54 bilateral agreements. The first concluded contracts regulated quite basic international issues such as arbitration, conciliation, double taxation, and consular matters. In the 1990s, due to the country’s political situation, agreements regulating trade and energy relations began to appear. Several agreements were also signed on cooperation in criminal matters, protection of cultural property and extradition. Due to Poland’s presence and participation in various international organizations, and in particular in the European Union, and being a party to other multilateral agreements, the need to regulate a number of issues was avoided by concluding international agreements only with the USA. Only a few international cooperation agreements have appeared in recent years, e.g. in the field of defence, border security, immigration, science and technology or nuclear energy. In the 2000s, defense, military and technical agreements were the most common. After 2014, when the number of US military units in Poland significantly increased, many agreements were signed regarding the status of the US armed forces in the Republic of Poland. They regulate many issues, including customs procedure, vehicle registration, telecommunications, contact procedure, tax matters, environmental protection or medical support.
More
publication date: January 09, 2023
The Digital Services Act, known as DSA, is the Regulation (EU) 2022/2065 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 19 October 2022 on the digital single market and amending Directive 2000/31/EC.
It concerns three groups of entities. The first of them are the Internet users themselves, i.e. a great number of people who use this tool for various purposes. This legal act is intended to improve their security and the availability of information in the processes of purchasing specific products related to the Internet, primarily information about the sellers themselves. The constitution of the Internet is also intended to influence the transparency of content moderation rules. Another goal is to correctly and understandably inform Internet users about advertisements and sponsored content that can be encountered at every step when using the Internet. Users will have defined and facilitated ways to report illegal content, goods or services on online platforms. If the content posted by the user himself is removed for specific reasons, he will be informed about it and will have the opportunity to challenge such a decision.
More
publication date: January 05, 2023
The Directive on Copyright and Related Rights in the Digital Single Market (DSM Directive) is the most important directive harmonizing copyright in the European Union since the Directive on Copyright in the Information Society.
The purpose of this Directive is to adapt EU copyright law to the requirements of the digital economy. It contains new forms of fair use, i.e. the right to explore texts and data, and new forms of use for educational purposes. It also strengthens the position of authors in contractual relations, e.g. imposing a number of obligations to guarantee them adequate remuneration, which is a very important issue. The Directive also aims to meet the assumptions contained in the EU Treaty regarding the establishment of the internal market and the introduction of a system ensuring undistorted competition in the internal market.
More
publication date: January 05, 2023
US regulators are warning banks about the risks associated with the cryptocurrency market. In the first jointly issued communication, the US Federal Reserve, the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation and the Currency Control Office draw attention to the lack of proper regulation of digital currencies, misleading information and high exposure to financial fraud. The joint warning from financial institutions comes two months after one of the world’s largest cryptocurrency exchanges declared bankruptcy.
In a joint statement, the U.S. Federal Reserve, the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation and the Currency Control Office stress that they are closely monitoring the activities of banking organizations related to cryptocurrencies.
More
publication date: January 04, 2023
The Polish Act on open data and re-use of public sector information of August 11, 2021 defines the principles of data openness, the rules and procedure for sharing and transferring public sector information for re-use and entities that provide or transfer this information, as provided for in Art. 1 of this Act. Notwithstanding the fact that this act implements Directive (EU) 2019/1024 of the European Parliament and of the Council of June 20, 2019 on open data and re-use of public sector information into the Polish legal order (Journal of Laws EU. L. of 2019, No. 172, item 56), these provisions were introduced into the Polish legal order to increase the amount of public data that can be used, for example, to conduct analyses, research or for the purposes of artificial intelligence solutions, including for business and industry or crisis modelling.
The act replaced the previous act on re-use of public sector information of 25 February 2016. The scope of the subject matter of the act includes above all the rules of free sharing of information from the public sector, with specified exceptions as well as the mode and manners of transferring such information for re-use, modified rules for sharing information for state museums, self-government museums, public libraries, research libraries, pedagogical libraries and archives, rules and procedure for sharing research data produced or collected as part of scientific activities financed from public funds and re-use of public sector information, in particular having the characteristics of a work or the subject of related rights.
More
