Pyramid promotional schemes involve consumers being persuaded to participate in a “project” in exchange for the promise of remuneration or other benefits, which depend primarily on bringing more people into the scheme rather than on the sale or consumption of products. Such schemes most often offer investments in tokens, cryptocurrencies, educational or language packages, apartments, etc.
The scheme of operation of a pyramid scheme is basically as follows: you put money into a supposed investment, you refer other people, and you get paid for introducing them. Your money is not actually invested, it is used to compensate the people who brought you into the system. At the same time, your compensation comes from the contributions of people you have directly and indirectly referred. In this way, it is you, your friends and your friends of friends who are funding a system that is not really investing anything. Therefore, after a period of time, the system has to fail because the money paid in is not invested in any assets and does not make a profit. The money goes to the organizers and the highest position in the chain. The system works as long as the number of people joining and contributing money increases exponentially, which is not sustainable. As a result, the system collapses and the money invested is lost.
On October 28, 2021 KIELTYKA GLADKOWSKI participated in a webinar hosted by the IOE&IT and Digital Trader Services.
From the start of 2022, all British importers will need to complete declarations for imports from the EU. The deadline for transportation inspections, including sanitary inspections of food, animal products and plant-based goods, has been delayed until 2022. Despite this, importers must be prepared to fill out declarations from January 1, 2022.
The webinar therefore explained the new timeline for import controls and what this means for traders. Experts provided practical advice about what traders can do to prepare for these changes.
The webinar covered the following topics:
The customs controls and checks that are being introduced on 1 January 2022
The requirement to use the new Goods Vehicle Movement Service (GVMS) and how this works
When pre-notification and health certification will be introduced for agri-foods and steps traders can take
When physical checks will be introduced at Border Control Posts.
Along with the development of technology, which gives us more and more opportunities, the risk of cyber-attacks on our personal data is also growing. Hackers are using more and more sophisticated methods of compromising security to achieve their goal. One of the forms of cybercrime is spoofing, i.e. a group of attacks on ICT systems consisting in impersonating another element of the IT system, the effect of which is achieved by placing prepared data packets on the network or incorrect use of protocols.
Spoofing definition
The term “spoof” dates back over a century and refers to any form of trickery. However, today it is mostly used when talking about cybercrime. Spoofing is the act of disguising a communication from an unknown source as being from a known, trusted source, which can apply to emails, phone calls, and websites, or can be more technical, such as a computer spoofing an IP address, Address Resolution Protocol (ARP), or Domain Name System (DNS) server. It can be used to gain access to a target’s personal information, spread malware through infected links or attachments, bypass network access controls, or redistribute traffic to conduct a denial-of-service attack. Also it is a good way to gains access to someone’s device in order to execute a larger cyber-attack. Successful attacks can lead to infected computer systems and networks, data breaches, and loss of revenue – all liable to affect the organization’s public reputation. In addition, spoofing that leads to the rerouting of internet traffic can overwhelm networks or lead customers to malicious sites aimed at stealing information or distributing malware.
The Polish Ministry of Finance on 20 October 2021 issued a specification for the National e-Invoicing System (NeIS), providing tips for software developers wishing to integrate their programs with NeIS (API). This specification is not a source of law, but is only a set of guidelines for developers. The NeIS test environment website (https://ksef-test.mf.gov.pl/) does not contain a graphical user interface for uploading or downloading invoices. It contains material intended for IT departments working on integration with NeIS. This address is also used by the published API. The logical structures used by the API, the OpenApi (formerly Swagger) documentation and editor, and the test environment public key have been made available. For the time being, no descriptive interface specification has been published, as was the case for e-Declaration or the Single Control File. It has been indicated that the test version will use self-generated signatures and seals for authorisation in NeIS, the test version does not offer authorisation via the Trusted Profile and token at this point. Invoices will be submitted using the API provided in batch or interactive mode. An Official Delivery Certificate will be available with a list of invoices sent in a batch packet or during an interactive session. The provided service will verify the correctness of the sent invoices with the working version of the XSD schema. The API introduces permissions that can be assigned to a system user. A privilege management facility is provided that will allow to view, grant and revoke privileges. The types of roles available in the process are also indicated. It is worth noting that the message states that it is planned to make the use of e-Invoice mandatory for entrepreneurs in Poland from 2023.
PLATFORMS THAT IMPLEMENT THE E-INVOICING OBLIGATION IN B2G IN THE EU – DIRECTIVE 2014/55/EU
In Europe, the milestone made towards electronic invoicing is April 18, 2019, was the deadline for EU member states to implement Directive 2014/55/EU. As of this date, government entities are required, at least in the area of public procurement, to be ready to receive structured electronic invoices from their suppliers.
Instead of a restrictive or uncomfortable dictate imposed by a European central authority, public and private organizations of all sizes are finding that Peppol provides greater security, reduced costs and fewer manual processing errors.
